Comparison Of Renaissance And Mannerism Cultural Studies Essay

Comparison Of Renaissance And Mannerism Cultural Studies Essay I chose to work on the comparison between Renaissance and Mannerism. Renaissance and Mannerism differ to certain extremes, buy still I found that even today there are particular methods of these art movements that are recognized and applied. Here I shall discuss the pros and cons of both art movements, the impact of the movements and my views on this. POSITIVE POINTS OF RENAISSANCE: In this movement the art form characteristics held an expression of liveliness. Like in wood, clay, stone, independent of reality. For example Leonardo Da Vincis drawing called Renaissance Man. It is also known as Vitruvian man. This drawing is known to be the proportions of man or canon of proportions. His piece of art showed how science and art was brought together to calculate proportions. Leonardo envisaged the great picture chart of the human body he had produced through his anatomical drawings and Vitruvian Man as a cosmografia del minor mondo (cosmography of the microcosm). He believed the workings of the human body to be an analogy for the workings of the universe. Encyclopaedia Britannica online The drawing is based on male proportions that are correlations of ideal human proportions with geometry described. During this period there was the return of ancient Greek and Roman antique. One such example was seen in Brunelleschis architectural work. He had constructed the Florentine Cathedral. This particular work originated from the Roman Empire. The foundation of his design was of the dome of the Pantheon. He constructed an elliptical dome. Artists became familiar with ancient art and brought that in their paintings. All their art form like sculptures and paintings were proportional. These art forms have particular measurements and are always calculated before painted or made. This is an important feature of this period that takes effect even today. Like Michaelangelos sculpture called David. Perspective is another important term that was brought up during this movement. The great Renaissance artist Brunelleschi had brought up this term. Brunelleschi constructed a church called the Florence Cathedral. This initiated perspective as it is seen in the architectural composition of its planning. This later inspired Leonardo Da Vinci in his painting called Last Supper. In this painting we can see that the elements are arranged according to one point perspective. Andrea Mantegna paintings demonstrated a certain sympathy for low castes like in his painting called Triumph of Caesar where he head illustrated prisoners of lower classes. NEGATIVE POINTS OF RENAISSANCE: Proportions are not that appealing, since in reality every human doesnt pertain such exact proportions. The Mannerists were against this feature. Some paintings evoke devotion like the Venetian paintings. POSITIVE POINTS OF MANNERISM: The Mannerists represented a particular style or manner in their paintings. Like elongated hands, small head, etc. This can be seen in Jacopo Pontormos Painting called The Deposition from the Cross. In this painting the bodies of the women and the man are elongated. Their hands and feet also seem to be slightly longer than a proportionate body. The head is comparatively small than the body. This painting clearly depicts the anticlassical art form. Early Mannerism consisted of more natural paintings. Such paintings were known as anticlassical paintings i.e. against Renaissance art. For example Ross Florentinos painting known as Moses defending the daughters of Jethro depicts the anticlassical art. Even in this painting the construction of the body structure can be clearly seen. The long legs and a small head, etc is seen. Similarly many other painting in this period portrays anticlassical art in a variety of ways. Paintings were usually oil painted or frescoes like the painting done by Jacopo Pontormo known as Annunciation. The Angel Gabriel and Virgin Mary are placed against white walls the environment seems stark. The contrast between the figures and ground makes their garments glow in the light of the window between them. It seems as if the couple came in from the extension of the chapel wall. DISADVANTAGES OF MANNERISM: Higher Manneria was the next stage of the Mannerists that concentrated mostly on an artists virtuosity. The paintings were mostly related to the artists point of view rather than reality. Manneria paintings later progressed to be far away from their goal than reality. This was against Manneria art. IMPACT OF THE MOVEMENTS: The Renaissance movement was highly influential even during its time. It spread through various places like Italy, Germany, Netherland, France, England, Spain and rest of Northern Europe. Many Italian artists, etc contributed towards the Renaissance period in their own particular ways. Even today Renaissance exists as it has contributed towards the development of perspective and proportions. Architects or any other fields acquire these basics to bring a perfect or ideal output. Like one point, two point and three point perspective. Its not just perspective but even proportions have initiated of a man, woman, objects and relating proportions in a scenery such that they look uniform rather than abrupt. Mannerism movement also has achieved to look at thing normally rather than calculating things out. Its not scientific based and is purely based on perception of the artist of reality. Observation is an important term for mannerists. This movement related to Renaissance is not that contributive towards the present but still it has its own plus points. MY VIEWS: Relating all factors with respect to Renaissance and Mannerism, I found a couple of facts that I like in Renaissance as well as Mannerism. I cant really judge which one is better but I must say that Renaissance has been highly influential rather than the other movement. Many top notch artists are remembered even today for their tremendous contribution like Brunelleschi, Leonardo Da Vinci, Raphael, Titian and Michaelangelo. Some artists concentrated mostly on sculptures like Michaelangelo. His sculpture called David is known even today. Leonardo concentrated on painting where he even acquired perspective in his paintings like Last Supper. I feel that Renaissance concentrated on measuring each and every thing rather than relying on your own instincts. This difference I found in Mannerism. Proportions are important but I felt that there must be some personal output too based on our personal instinct. CONCLUSION: After researching on Renaissance and Mannerism as well as the artists and their works I was able to relate and understand how the view changes as in different periods. Like cubism fauvism, impressionism post impressionism and so on. Many movements have their particular principles and differences. From concentrating on emotions developed from color, subconscious and so on. The art movements didnt just focus in one point throughout the movement. They changes can be seen in Renaissance like high renaissance and Mannerism as early mannerism, etc. All in all it is important to know and compare the past views of tremendous art movements. Mainly how the thought process changes from one point of view to another. The development of an artistic mind is observed not only with help of paintings but even sculptures, relief sculptures, collages, etc are developments from a variety of movements. These movements are even applied in furnitures, posters, etc.

John Rocker :: essays research papers

"Imagine having to take the (No.) 7 train to (Shea Stadium) looking like you're (in) Beirut next to some kid with purple hair, next to some queer with AIDS, right next to some dude who got out of jail for the fourth time, right next to some 20-year-old mom with four kids. It's depressing. "The biggest thing I don't like about New York are the foreigners," the 25-year-old Georgia native said. "You can walk an entire block in Times Square and not hear anybody speaking English. Asians and Koreans and Vietnamese and Indians and Russians and Spanish people and everything up there. How the hell did they get in this country?" These were the words spoken from Atlanta Braves Pitcher John Rocker in a December issue of Sports Illustrated. Those powerful lines are what people are chatting over. "Should we forgive him, or should we throw him in jail"? Those are only a couple opinions that are swirling around on what Major League Baseball should do. I, in no way agree with what Mr. Rocker is saying, however he is being treated is fair. In order to fully understand where Mr. Rocker was coming from, we have to go back to the MLB Playoffs. The Cinderella New York Mets take the Braves into extra innings in the 5th game of the National League Playoffs. In comes John Rocker, bursting with energy to try and shut the Mets down and take the Braves to the World Series. The Mets had other ideas and laced a couple base hits off Rocker, which eventually lead to the homerun that ended the game. Then when the Braves made it to the World Series, Rocker faced more harsh words from the New York Yankee's fans. The yelling and objects cascaded down from the stands whenever Rocker was out there. This threw his game off, and once again the Braves got beat in the series 4 - 0. So What? The fans where not very affectionate to Rocker, that's their job. Rocker should be able to deal with it like a true sportsman. He had to turn around and offend every human that is not like him. Was it wrong? Yes. Did he apologize? Yes, at least a dozen tim es, but to some ethnic groups that have been wronged like this for hundreds of years, this is what they have been dealing with. 	 As the people's outrage became more evident, Bud Selig, the commissioner of MLB, got involved.

Lord of the Flies: Fear of the Unknown Essay example -- William Goldin

A distressing emotion aroused by impending evil and pain, whether the threat is real or imagined is described as fear. Fear is what William Golding’s novel Lord of the Flies encompasses. By taking three major examples from the novel, fear will be considered on different levels: Simon’s having no instance of fear, Ralph’s fear of isolation on the island, and Jack’s fear of being powerless. Fear can make people behave in ways that are foreign to them, whether their fear is real or imagined. In response to fear, people may act defensively by attacking, fear can either stop one from doing something, or it can make one behave in an irrational erratic manner. On contrary from all the other boys on the island Simon, a Christ like figure in the novel, did not fear the ‘beastie’ or the unknown. â€Å"Maybe there is a beast....maybe it's only us† Simon explained. (p. 97) The fear of the unknown in the novel contributes to the boys’ terror of the beast, the beast is an imaginary figure which lays in all of the boys’ minds and haunts them. Golding uses the beast as a symbol of the evil that exists in every creature. "You knew, didn't you? I'm part of you? Close, close close! I'm the reason why it's no go? Why things are the way they are?" The sow head announced to Simon to be the â€Å"lord of the flies†. The â€Å"lord of the flies† is a figure of the devil, and brings out all the evil and fear in people. It wants you to fear it, but if you don’t believe in the â€Å"lord of the flies† nothing can happen to you. Therefore Simon didn’t fall into the trap, but the beast killed him, meaning the other boys on the island did. Simon discovered that the beast is in fact just a dead parachute man before he died and ran down to tell the boys about his finding. When Sim... ...t. By physically punishing the boys, they will fear Jack, so they will obey him "We’ve got to have rules and obey them" (P.47). In closing, fear can make people act in ways that are unfamiliar to them, whether their fear is valid or imaginary. In reply to fear, people may act defensively by being violent, fear can either stop one from doing something, or it can make one behave in an absurd unpredictable behaviour. As revealed, fear is demonstrated in the â€Å"Lord of the Flies† in three major ways: Simon’s lack of fear, Ralph’s fear of being isolated, and Jacks vast fear of being over powered by Ralph. Evil and fear is brought to the island by the boys themselves believed Golding. The world will essentially always have the same problem until every human being on the earth is unblemished, until there is no more evil or fear in the world. Obviously fear isn’t over rated.

Analysis Essay of Aria by Richard Rodriguez

NOUR BAHRI EN1111 Academic Writing M. Antoniadou 29th October2012 Analysis essay of â€Å"Aria† by Richard Rodriguez (2nd draft) This essay, titled â€Å"Aria†, originally published in 2008, is an autobiographic essay of the author’s childhood, Richard Rodriguez’. In his essay, Richard is against bilingual educators, who think that children in their first years of school should be educated in their native language. According to him this education system is wrong, won’t be beneficial, therefore children should be educated in the same language as the public one.Rodriguez’s main point is to strongly encourage children of immigrant parents to adopt English, the â€Å"public language† as their main language in order to become assimilated in the â€Å"public society† and have a better future. Ricardo describes his childhood as a child of Mexican immigrant parents studying in an English school in America, where he had problems in commu nicating at school because he did not know the â€Å"public language†, English.At first, he was shy and timid at school because he was feeling uncomfortable with English, but with his parents’ and teacher’s help he â€Å"raised his hand to volunteer an answer†, from that day he â€Å"moved very far from the disadvantaged child†(288). He then started feeling as an American citizen. Although Rodriguez admits that he lost the strong intimacy at home with his parents, he emphasizes that the â€Å"loss implies the gain†(291). Rodriguez supports his argument against bilingual education by using mainly the contrast technique in order for the readers to become more sensitive to his topic and argumentRichard’s entire essay is based on the contrast between â€Å"the loss† in private and â€Å"the gain† in public. By presenting those two opposed extremes, readers become more sensitive to his argument as his essay becomes more reali stic. In the part of the private loss, Ricardo faces problems at home, since he came to believe that he was an American citizen, â€Å"at least†(288). So the past refers to before Richard believes that he was an American citizen at the age of 7. Ricardo uses frequently the negation arks in order to support that they remained a loving family, but one greatly changed, â€Å"No longer so close: no longer bound†, â€Å"neither my older brother nor sister†, â€Å"Nor did I† this last in a separate sentence to accentuate his position and the negation (288). He contrasts this new situation with the one they had in the past where â€Å"after dinner each night, the family gathered†(287). Readers feel that in the past family bonds and ties were stronger and the house was full of joy and laughs, â€Å"everyone laughed†(287).Thereby, Richard used â€Å"we† (â€Å"we played†) as for him and his family that has a stronger meaning and connota tion since they where feeling closer, as a whole. But also, in the past Richard was impatient to go back home, where he could actually speak the language, now he says, â€Å"gone was the desperate, urgent, intense feeling of being at home† (288). Furthermore, after this feeling of closeness diminished, â€Å"silence† started taking place in the house as Richard explains that â€Å"as we children learned more and more English, we shared fewer and fewer words with our parents† (288).So in the past, children were more comfortable in speaking Spanish with their parents and spoke a language, which the parents actually understand and respond with ease, the house was full of â€Å"language of home†(286). By speaking English so much, a gap between Richard and his parents grew. After this process of Americanization, â€Å"the silence at home, however, was finally more than a literal silence†(289). He uses a lot words in relation to the ear and hearing as â €Å"sounds† â€Å"listen†, â€Å"listening†, â€Å"heard† and â€Å"speaking†(289).Furthermore, Spanish started becoming unfamiliar to him and English, which is the â€Å"public language† became his â€Å"primary language†. In the past he used to call his parents â€Å"mama and papa†, and now that English is his primary language he calls them â€Å"mother† and â€Å"father† (289). At the end of his essay Richard said that his â€Å"childhood started to end† the day he took the decision that his wants to feel like an American citizen.Richard, most probably, associates the word childhood with his past, before he came to believe that he was an American citizen; a past where he had strong bonds with his parents, the feeling of security and other that they are his parents, Spanish united them. However, as he became less confident with his private identity, he started becoming increasingly confident of his new pu blic identity because the belief that he belonged in public had taken hold. Richard presents in his essay the other side of the â€Å"game†, of learning English and feeling as an American citizen because as he said â€Å"the loss implies the gain†(291).By the gain he means the gain in public, public identity. An important dramatic event occurred, it is the one that resulted in a big change in Richard’s life. And this was the day Richard raised his hand in class to volunteer an answer. This event brought him a lot forward, as he was no longer feeling as a disadvantaged child. Moreover, as Richard began to hear more and more English, â€Å"the high, troubling sounds of los gringos† became unnoticeable to him; he was â€Å"no longer an alien in gringo society†(288). Whereas before he came to believe he was an American citizen, â€Å"los gringos† had a bad connotation, full of â€Å"bitterness or distrust† (288).Rodriguez became more conf ident of himself in speaking English, and he finally heard words, not just sounds. Richard insists in the difference between â€Å"sound and words† (which in the past sounds were helping him in understanding the situation) (288). He came to realize that â€Å"sound and word were tightly wedded† after his Americanization (288). He has also contrasting feelings; he was often â€Å"bemused† and always â€Å"relieved† to realize how â€Å"silent, though crowded with words† his day in public had been (288). Richard means that, since he was feeling more comfortable with English, the words were more powerful and meaningful.Before the dramatic event, English was a â€Å"foreign language† to him, he felt like a â€Å"stranger† to it (287). Becoming more familiar with English helped Richard to achieve many things. He began doing well in school, he made friends and he was feeling more comfortable talking to people in public. Assimilating to the American culture helped Richard feel more at ease among the other American students. So we understand that the â€Å"public identity† he achieved was a great success to him (288). Finally Richard at the end of his essay, make things more clear, and the contrast is still visible.He responds to bilingual educators, who have to distinguish between â€Å"private individuality† and â€Å"public individuality†. While â€Å"becoming assimilated into public society, such assimilation makes possible the achievement of public individuality†(290). Richard points out that â€Å"in public, by contrast, full individuality is achieved†(290). So according to him, the public gain is really important and that is why in his essay the â€Å"gain† is stressed more than the â€Å"loss†. To conclude, in his autobiographic essay, Richard successfully used the contrast technique in order to give a full image of his argument and be more convincing.There was a deep intimacy with his family and the painful feeling of public alienation. However, as he grew up and with his Americanization, this became only the past; meaning that there were no longer good bonds in the family and in public he gained an identity and individuality. Rodriguez offers a contrasting truth: while our heritage and culture may remain forever tied to our native language, the only way we can truly become a part of our community and fit in is to dominate the current spoken language. Word count: 1280 Work Citation: Rodriguez, Richard. The Norton Reader;2008, ww Norton Company,

Ll Cool J

Topic: LL Cool J (James Todd Smith) General Purpose: To inform Specific Purpose: So that my listeners have a better understanding of the artist James Todd Smith Thesis: From the song â€Å"I Can’t Live Without my Radio† to the world of NCIS: Los Angeles, the rapper LL Cool J is one of the best and most inspirational rappers in the games history. I. Introduction A. Attention Getter: James Todd Smith’s rapper names stands for Ladies Love Cool James. He was a paper boy before becoming a rapper, he sang in the church choir, Bruce Lee is his inspiration and influence for becoming an actor, and he wear’s a Kangol hat when rapping (Fennessey). LL Cool J is a jacked actor and artist. B. Reason to Listen: You should listen because LL Cool J is just a man with some mean swath swag. C. Thesis Statement: In a plethora of different ways LL Cool J is one of my favorite rappers. This is because of his history, because he just isn’t a music artist but an actor, and the rappers that he has had beef with and how he has won. D. Credibility Statement: 1. I’ve been listening to LL Cool J since I began listening to rap which was around 13 years old. 2. The websites I used to research LL Cool J were Rolling Stones, Spin, and Island Def Jam. E. Preview of Main Points: 1. First, I will discuss LL Cool J’s life story. 2. Secondly, I will talk about how LL Cool J is also an actor. 3. Lastly, on the rappers he has battled with. II. From a paper boy to a ripped stud that wears a Kangol, LL Cool J has a very unique journey into the rapping game. A. James Todd Smith as a child and a teenager wasn’t that great it was beyond tragic. 1. His parents divorced when he was four because his father shot his grandparents and put them in critical condition. He was also abused from his mom’s next boyfriend physically and verbally (Fennessey). . He started to rap at the age of nine and started to create beats at the age of 11 because his grandpa bought him a DJ system (Simon). 3. He sent his tapes to a bunch of record companies, which included Def Jams, who he was signed to. 4. LL Cool J was formed by Russel Simmons and Rick Rubin. 5. Def Jam’s first release was â€Å"I Need a Beat† (1984) which sold 100,0 00 copies, and James Todd Smith dropped out of high school (Media). B. LL Cool J started with a big hit â€Å"I Need A Beat† to being featured in a bunch of songs. 1. I Can’t Live Without My Radio† became LL Cool J’s biggest song at that time and it went platinum. It was performed in the movie Kush Groove (Fennessey). 2. Produced two more platinum singles a little later â€Å"I’m Bad† and â€Å"I Need Love† on the album Bigger and Deffer (Fennessey). 3. After a rocky few years, LL Cool J, came striking back with the Grammy-winning Baby Said Knock You Out album which is James Todd Smith’s biggest-selling record to date (Media). 4. LL Cool J was the first artist to perform on MTV’s Unplugged with the song. 5. In 1995 he released a multiplatinum album which produced three Top 10 singles. Transitions: Since the ablum Phenomenon and his autobiography, I Make My Own Rules, LL Cool J as focused on his acting career. A. LL Cool J has been on the big screens a few times. 1. Himself in Krush Groove, a rapper in Wildcats, Billy in The Hard Way, Patrick Zevo in Toys, Himself in Out of Sync, Himself in B. A. P. S. , Roger in Caught Up, Darryl in Woo, Ronny in Halloween: H20, Dudley in Deep Blue Sea, â€Å"God† in In Too Deep, Julian Washington in Any Given Sunday, Marcus Ridley in Rollerball, and a bunch more (â€Å"†). B. LL Cool J has also been on your Television in some TV series. 1. He is currently on the new hit Television series NCIS: Los Angeles. 2. Some old one’s LL Cool J has appeared on would be The Electric Company twice as himself, Ridikolus on 30 Rock, Marion Hill in In the House, and himself in Sesame Street (â€Å"†). Transition: Through LL Cool J’s scrambled career between actor and rapper he has been in some heated situations along the way with other artists. A. Kool Moe Dee vs. LL Cool J 1. These two have a long going rivalry. 2. The feud started because Kool Moe Dee claimed LL Cool J stole his lyrics and that LL Cool J didn’t pay his respect to the great MCs at the time (Fennessey). . They named one of their albums exactly the same How Ya Like Me Now, but Kool Moe Dee took a shot at LL by having a jeep running over a red Kangol Hat. B. Canibus vs. LL Cool J 1. The feud began because shots taken on the song 4,3,2,1 in which LL Cool J was making a statement against upcoming rapper Canibus. 2. After the song 4,3,2,1 Canibu s made a come back song Second Round K. O. , but not long after LL Cool J retaliates with his own songs The Ripper Strikes Back and Back Where I Belong. 3. After the beef was settled Canibus became less of an attraction. III. Conclusion A. Review of Main Points 1. Today I described LL Cool J’s life story from child to present. 2. Second, I told you about his acting career. 3. Finally, I told you about LL Cool J’s rap battles B. Restate Thesis:In a plethora of different ways LL Cool J is one of my favorite rappers. This is because of his history, because he just isn’t a music artist but an actor, and the rappers that he has had beef with and how he has won. C. Closure: In conclusion, LL Cool J, The Future of Funk, Mr. Smith, Nickelhead, or G. O. A. T. (Greatest of All Time) is one of the most inspirational MC that has been in the rapping game to date.

English Contemporary Historical Fictions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

English Contemporary Historical Fictions - Essay Example Romance is for each character a state of mind and emotion that dominates the women’s affections toward another person; even one of the same sex. In each of the works, the protagonist’s perception of romance is subject to the views formed by each woman based on her own experiences. It is secondarily formed by the environments that each woman lives in. The notion of romance changes on the whole as the protagonists move from adolescence, into young womanhood, and into maturity. This essay examines the notion of romance, and the experiences of the protagonists in each of the works as their perceptions on romance evolve with their own sexual and family experiences. In Atwood’s book, Alias Grace, the story opens with a lengthy poem/song about the young servant girl, Grace Marks, who, along with her lover, James McDermott, murdered their employer, Thomas Kinnear and his housekeeper/lover, Nancy Montgomery (pp. 11-15). It is a poem/song that is typical of the day, when tepid and sordid and often gruesome gossip was turned into poetic sing-song, which would survive in infamy down through the ages. Much like the poem about Lizzy Borden: These kinds of poems or sing-songs become obscure as to their origins, but the stories with which they were born out of are pieces of American history. This is the case with Lizzy Borden, and this is the premise upon which Atwood built her story of Grace Marks. The story that is about to unfold is told in the poem: For Atwood’s story, the experience of unrequited love that leads to the double murder of Thomas Kinnear and Nancy Montgomery at the hands of Grace and McDermott relies upon the reader’s interest in the tabloid-like story that surrounds the arrest and trials of Grace Marks and James McDermott. However, the attention, like the poem, is more focused on Grace because any time

Least Preferred Coworker(LPC)Measure Personal Statement

Least Preferred Coworker(LPC)Measure - Personal Statement Example I do agree with the results of this test. I am task-motivated and better at organizing people and getting the job done. However, I also agree with Fiedler’s other postulation concerning LPC model. According to him, LPC model helps in indicating the leadership style of a person however the effectiveness of this style is also dependent on situation’s favorableness. It is a universal fact that there is no ideal leadership style and a particular leadership style can not be suitable for contingent situations. A combination of personal traits and given situational contingency determines the leadership style’s effectiveness. Leader-member relationship, task structure and leader-position power are the factors which determine if the situation in hand is favorable and matches the leadership style (Bar-Tal, 1989). On theoretical grounds, Fielder’s model does helps in identifying one’s leadership style but its accuracy is still doubtful due to various factors. Firstly, Fiedler based this model on an assumption that leadership styles remain fixed and ignored the possible flexibility in personal traits or chances of betterment through learning over time (Bass, 1990). Secondly, the model assumes that a person can either be task-oriented or relationship motivated which are two extremes (Peter, Hartke & Pohlman, 1985; Vecchio, 1983). If a person’s LPC scores give an average total, then the leadership style is uncertain and difficult to determine. Lastly, there is a possibility that a person is actually effective as a leader irrespective of leadership style and works well with rest of the team except one who is confused, incompetent or a genuinely unpleasant person to work with. In such case, the LPC model will simple declare the person taking test a low-LPC leader whereas the a ctual picture can simply be the opposite (Mind Tools, 2012). Peters, L.H.,Hartke, D.D. & Pohlmann, J.T. (1985), Fiedlers Contingency Theory of Leadership: An application